ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever currently rank highly among the newly emerging infectious diseases and are the most important arboviral disease worldwide. Dengue virus can be distinguished by both serological and molecular methods. This study was aimed at analysing the prevalence and laboratory dynamics of the four dengue serotypes in tertiary care patients attending GMERS Medical College Gandhinagar. Material & methods: This study was an observational retrospective study. A total 105 samples were tested for Dengue serotyping by RT-PCR. Results: Among positive patients Dengue virus serotype-2 was the most common serotype 94 (89%) followed by DENV3 7(6%) and DENV4 2(2%). Co-infection with DENV 2/4 was 2(2%). A higher prevalence of dengue haemorrhagic fever was noted in serotype 2 compared to serotypes 3, 4, and coinfection. Thrombocytopenia was present in all serotypes of infection. There was a significant difference in the disturbance of liver function in DENV2, as compared to others serotype. Dengue serotype 2 was very common in rural areas, while dengue serotype 3 was seen in the urban Gandhinagar zone. Discussion: Dengue is the most extensively spread mosquito-borne disease. As per previous studies most common prevalent and severity of serotype wasDENV2, however in our study we were able to identify DENV3, DENV4 and confection with serotypes (DENV2 & DENV4).
ABSTRACT
Background: Hepatitis B and C virus infection is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among patients who are on haemodialysis. This study is conducted to investigate prevalence of Hepatitis C infection in patient who undergoes haemodialysis Material & methods: A retrospective study was carried out from September 2020 to September 2021 in General hospital Gandhinagar with the use of ELISA kit by detecting anti-HCV antibody and Hepatitis B surface antigen from serum sample. A total of 100 samples were collected from haemodialysis unit in General hospital Gandhinagar. Observation: Out of 100 patients, 9% were positive for hepatitis B and 14% were positive for hepatitis C. Among these two cases were coinfected with hepatitis B as well as C. Conclusion: The risk of hepatitis infection is more associated with patients with chronic renal failure due to high frequency of transfusion of blood and blood products and extracorporeal circulation during haemodialysis. For prevention of spread of hepatitis infection among patients with haemodialysis, dialysis unit must use proper universal precautions, has to properly maintain the machines of dialysis, and also has to follow proper disposal of material used in the unit.